Biochemistry – Most Important Questions

Biochemistry is the study of chemical substances and vital processes occurring in living organisms. It bridges biology and chemistry, helping us understand the molecular mechanisms of life.

🧪 General Biochemistry Questions

• Define carbohydrates. What are their types and biological importance?
• Classify amino acids based on structure and polarity.
• Differentiate between essential and non-essential amino acids.
• Explain the four levels of protein structure with examples.
• Describe the structure and function of nucleic acids (DNA & RNA).

⚙️ Enzymes and Metabolism

• What are enzymes? Describe the mechanism of enzyme action.
• What are cofactors and coenzymes? Give two examples of each.
• Outline the steps of glycolysis with major enzymes involved.
• Explain the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and its role in energy production.
• Describe the urea cycle and its significance in nitrogen metabolism.

🧬 Clinical and Applied Biochemistry

• What are liver function tests? Explain their clinical significance.
• Discuss the role of blood glucose estimation in diagnosis of diabetes.
• What are cardiac markers? Name at least three with their normal ranges.
• What is the significance of serum creatinine and blood urea levels?
• Explain electrolyte imbalance and its biochemical implications.

🔬 Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry

• What is spectrophot

Top 20 Most Important Biochemistry Questions

Biochemistry plays a key role in understanding the chemical processes of living organisms. Here are the top 20 important questions frequently asked in exams, interviews, and viva for lab technicians, NEET, and B.Sc. students.

1. What is the structure and function of carbohydrates?
2. Classify amino acids and give examples for each class.
3. Explain the four levels of protein structure.
4. What are enzymes? Describe their mechanism of action.
5. What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
6. What is the role of vitamins in metabolism?
7. Define metabolism. What are anabolic and catabolic reactions?
8. Describe the steps and significance of glycolysis.
9. What is the Krebs cycle? Write all the steps and enzymes involved.
10. Explain oxidative phosphorylation and its role in ATP production.
11. Describe the urea cycle and its biological significance.
12. What are lipids? Classify them with examples.
13. What are cofactors and coenzymes? How do they assist enzymes?
14. What are isozymes? Give examples and their clinical relevance.
15. Explain the basic principle of spectrophotometry in lab analysis.
16. What is electrophoresis and how is it used in protein separation?
17. Describe the principle and application of ELISA.
18. What are liver function tests (LFTs)? Explain any three.
19. What is the significance of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?
20. What is the role of enzymes in clinical diagnostics?

Tip: Prepare short notes and flowcharts for each of these questions to improve retention and revision speed.