Periodic Table Full Explanation for NEET 2025

Table of Contents

• What is the Periodic Table?
• History of Periodic Table
• Structure of Periodic Table
• Groups and Periods
• Periodic Trends
• NEET 2025 Tips

What is the Periodic Table?

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of all known chemical elements based on their atomic number, electronic configuration, and recurring chemical properties. It is a powerful tool for students and scientists to understand trends in element properties.

History of the Periodic Table

The development of the periodic table began with Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, who arranged elements by atomic mass and predicted the existence of undiscovered elements. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number, thanks to the work of Henry Moseley.

Structure of the Periodic Table

The periodic table has rows called periods and columns called groups. It is divided into four main blocks:

• s-block: Groups 1 and 2 (alkali and alkaline earth metals)
• p-block: Groups 13 to 18 (includes non-metals, halogens, noble gases)
• d-block: Transition elements (Groups 3 to 12)
• f-block: Lanthanides and actinides (placed separately)

Groups and Periods

There are 18 groups and 7 periods in the periodic table.

• Groups: Vertical columns, elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
• Periods: Horizontal rows, elements show periodic change in properties across a period.

Important Periodic Trends

Property	Across a Period	Down a Group
Atomic Radius	Decreases	Increases
Ionization Energy	Increases	Decreases
Electronegativity	Increases	Decreases
Metallic Character	Decreases	Increases

These trends help predict reactivity and bonding behavior of elements in the NEET exam.

NEET 2025 Tips

• Memorize periodic table groups and period numbers.
• Focus on s-block and p-block properties.
• Practice MCQs based on periodic trends and anomalies.
• Revise NCERT Chemistry regularly – it's the key to NEET!

📘 Also Read: IUPAC Nomenclature – Rules and Examples

📥 Download Periodic Table Notes (PDF)

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Written by Bharat Chaudhary | Updated: July 2025