What is the IUPAC Name of CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH3? | Alkane Nomenclature Explained

What is the IUPAC Name of CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃?

CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃ is a simple straight-chain hydrocarbon. In this post, we will learn how to name it using IUPAC rules, provide an example image, and understand the structure in detail for NEET and board exam preparation.

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🔹 Step-by-Step Naming of CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃

1. Step 1: Count the number of carbon atoms
   This molecule has 5 carbon atoms in a straight chain.
2. Step 2: Identify the type of hydrocarbon
   It contains only single bonds (C–C). So, it is an alkane.
3. Step 3: Use the root name
   The root word for 5 carbon atoms is “pent”.
4. Step 4: Add the suffix
   For alkanes, the suffix is “-ane”.

✅ Final IUPAC Name: Pentane

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🔸 Structural Formula of Pentane

Pentane is a straight-chain alkane with the formula C₅H₁₂. The image above shows the linear structure of pentane. All the bonds are single covalent bonds (sigma bonds), which allow free rotation.

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🔍 Example for Better Understanding

Let’s look at the names of similar compounds to understand the pattern:

Formula	No. of Carbon Atoms	IUPAC Name
CH4	1	Methane
CH3–CH3	2	Ethane
CH3–CH2–CH3	3	Propane
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH3	4	Butane
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH3	5	Pentane

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📌 Isomers of Pentane

Pentane has 3 structural isomers:

1. n-Pentane: straight chain (our main compound)
2. Isopentane (methylbutane): branched at second carbon
3. Neopentane (dimethylpropane): central carbon with 4 branches

These isomers have the same molecular formula (C₅H₁₂) but different structures and properties.

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📚 Important Points for NEET & Board Exams

• Alkanes follow the general formula C_nH_2n+2.
• Only single bonds = saturated hydrocarbons.
• Pentane is colorless, flammable, and used as a solvent in labs.
• Know the IUPAC names from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

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🔗 Related Topics:

• IUPAC Nomenclature - Rules and Practice
• Hydrocarbons: Alkanes, Alkenes & Alkynes
• NEET Chemistry Full Preparation

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🧪 Summary

The IUPAC name of CH₃–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃ is Pentane. It is a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms and twelve hydrogen atoms. Understanding its structure and naming rules helps you master organic chemistry basics.

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